Abstract: The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is one of the main challenges on current TB control which seriously influences the achievement people had made in this field. Anti-TB drugs are the most effective weapons in controlling TB, however, they have been obviously not enough to deal with multidrug-resistant TB, especially extensively drug-resistant TB, TB is more likely to become the incurable disease again because of this reason. Therefore, it is urgent to develop more effective anti-TB drugs, design the chemotherapy regiment on drug-resistant TB and solve the difficulty in treating drug-resistant TB. The authors reviewed the history, focused on the present and looked ahead the future, elucidated several issues about treatment on drug-resistant TB and had expectation that readers would have a comprehensively understanding of chemotherapy for drug-resistant TB and make efforts altogether to explore the possibility of controlling the epidemic of drug-resistant TB by chemotherapy.

Key words: Tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant/drug therapy, Clinical protocols, Retrospective studies